Aug 18, · This is the standardised referencing system to be used by all departments, faculties and schools at the University of Hull who ask their students to use the Harvard referencing system. Use these guidelines when referencing manually. We do, however, recommend that all students learn how to use bibliographic software (EndNote or RefWorks) Innovation is the practical implementation of ideas that result in the introduction of new goods or services or improvement in offering goods or services. ISO TC in the standard ISO defines innovation as "a new or changed entity realizing or redistributing value". Others have different definitions; a common element in the definitions is a focus on newness, A Novel Multi-View Clustering Method for Unknown Mapping Relationships Between Cross-View Samples Authors: Hong Yu (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence; Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications)*; Jia Tang (Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications); Guoyin Wang (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational
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There are several different types of footnote referencing Oxford, Chicago etc and every university has its own guide that differs slightly in terms of punctuation, formatting and the order of information. This guide attempts to give definitive examples of how to reference different materials using footnote referencing here at the University of Hull.
Footnote Referencing. Quick Reference Guide Common Reference Types. Add to your Canvas Dashboard. This is the standardised referencing system to be used by all departments, faculties and schools at the University of Hull who ask their students to use a footnotes referencing system with the exception of Law who use the standard OSCOLA system. Use these guidelines when referencing manually.
We also recommend that all students learn how to use bibliographic software EndNote or Refworks over the course of their studies to make their referencing more efficient.
Please see our Bibliographic Software pages for more information. When using footnote referencing, information from another source is indicated in the text by using a superscript number after the relevant text. At the bottom of the page, the number is repeated with the reference given. This is usually achieved in Microsoft Word by using the 'Insert Footnote' option on the References tab. If you use this function the numbers will be automatically generated and updated. Other word processors will have equivalent functions.
The amount of information that you give in the footnote is dictated by whether it is the first time you have referred to a source or not see below. A how to do a dissertation karim noah bibliography is then given at the end of the document with the references in alphabetical order by surname. Give a full reference called a full footnote in this guide.
Author names should be Initial s. Surname i. Smith and are not reversed i. Smith, J. Many footnote systems suggest full names should be given rather than initials, however the University of Hull has decided to use initials only as many academic journals do not give full names and this would lead to inconsistency within the system.
Page numbers indicating where you found the information you are referring to should be given at the end of the reference. If you want to point to a specific page in a book chapter or journal article reference, you should add a colon after the page range to do this.
Rogers, The press gang: naval impressment and its opponents in Georgian Britain London: Continuum, Social Scientist40, 3 Use ibid. if the source is the same as the previous citation on the same page, otherwise use the short footnote form No 4 below.
There is no rule as to how short this should be, other than to make sure it is recognisable as a specific reference. In the bibliography, references are entered in alphabetical order with the surname first for more than one author, only the first surname is reversed.
Isserman, M. Kazin, America divided: the civil war of the show to do a dissertation karim noah, 3 rd edition. New York: Oxford University Press, Reynal-Querol, M. PhD thesis. London School of Economics and Political Science, You can also use n.
for no publisher and n. for no location. Check with your department to see if these are necessary or whether you can just omit the information completely, how to do a dissertation karim noah.
Many official documents and web pages do not give the actual author of the text, but publish as an organisation. If this is the case, just how to do a dissertation karim noah the organisation name BBC, UN Security Council etc in place of the author initials and name. Where the author name is not known for instance for some reference books and a corporate author is not clear, use the title of the work or web page in your footnote if this is long you can use a shortened form :.
Concise Oxford Dictionary Oxford: Oxford University Press, Gourmet coffee boom If possible, how to do a dissertation karim noah, you should include page numbers to point to the specific page or pages where the information you are referencing can be found.
This is to help your reader locate your source material more easily. Occasionally you will be referring to a source as a whole in which case page numbers are not necessary. The page numbers should come at the end of the reference:. Daiches et al. With journal articles or chapters in books, where you have already given a page range, a colon separates this from the relevant page s :. Lincoln, 'Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions and emerging confluences', in N. Lincoln eds. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, Badley, 'The pragmatic university: a feasible utopia?
Page numbers are not given in bibliography entries - only those indicating journal article and book chapter page ranges. Sometimes you want to reference something that has been quoted, reproduced or cited in a source you have read a secondary reference. Here are a few simple rules when dealing with them:.
Footnote: Harrison quoted in Smithson, J. Common Ancestors New York: NP Publishing, If you are using an image, diagram, chart, photograph or other figures in your work, you should ensure these are properly referenced. If you made the figure yourself but used data from elsewhere to create it, you should ensure you cite the source of the data used to create your figure. The citation of images varies by disciplineand you may be required to either cite images within the how to do a dissertation karim noah or the caption.
Please check with your lecturer. In written work, you should always caption your figures with a label, a number and a meaningful title. Standard practice is to put captions underneath figures. You should ensure your figure or data citations are included in your bibliography as with any other reference. The punctuation used can vary, but always ensure you are consistent:. Figure 1 - The Radcliffe Camera, Bodleian Library, University of Oxford.
Note: For small assignments essays the numbers should be sequential i. Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3. For larger assignments dissertations, projects, thesis it is standard practice to restart numbering at each chapter and prefix figure numbers with the chapter number.
For example, Figure 2. For presentations, you don't necessarily need a caption and at a minimum only need to include a numbered superscript in-text citation on or near the figure. You should, however, how to do a dissertation karim noah, ensure figures are explained, how to do a dissertation karim noah, and this can be done via your narration, by how to do a dissertation karim noah a caption or by using the slide's title.
You should ensure your image citations are included in your bibliography as with any other reference. How to do a dissertation karim noah presentations, this can be achieved using the slide notes area or a slide towards the end of the presentation.
Slides do not need footnotes, but your reference list should be presented as endnotes, with the order and numbering corresponding with the numbers in your superscript in-text citations. In written work, you should always caption your tables with a label, a number and a meaningful title. Standard practice is to put captions above tables. You should ensure your table or data citations are included in your bibliography as with any other reference.
Table 1, Table 2, Table 3. For larger assignments dissertations, projects, thesis it is standard practice to restart numbering at each chapter and prefix table numbers with the chapter number. For example, Table 2. For presentations, you don't necessarily need a caption and at a minimum only need to include a numbered superscript in-text citation on or near the table, how to do a dissertation karim noah.
You should, however, how to do a dissertation karim noah, ensure tables are explained, and this can be done via your narration, by using a caption or by using the slide's title. You should ensure your table and data citations are included in your bibliography as with any other reference. Remember: Presentations are a visual mode of communication. You should consider presenting any tables you want to include in the form of a chart, graph or other visual.
In written work, you should always caption your figures with a label, a number, a meaningful title and a citation.
If your department requires you to cite figures in your captions you should not cite figures in your footnotes or include references for figures within your bibliography. Full citation information should be presented in the figure caption, following the style of the full footnote to ensure you provide the correct information.
Figure Number — Title Citation information. Figure Number: Title Citation information. Figure Number. Title Citation information. Figure 1 - The Radcliffe Camera, Bodleian Library, University of Oxford Citation information. For presentations, you don't necessarily need a caption. You should ensure brief image citations are included on the slide.
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Aug 18, · This is the standardised referencing system to be used by all departments, faculties and schools at the University of Hull who ask their students to use the Harvard referencing system. Use these guidelines when referencing manually. We do, however, recommend that all students learn how to use bibliographic software (EndNote or RefWorks) A Novel Multi-View Clustering Method for Unknown Mapping Relationships Between Cross-View Samples Authors: Hong Yu (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence; Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications)*; Jia Tang (Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications); Guoyin Wang (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Innovation is the practical implementation of ideas that result in the introduction of new goods or services or improvement in offering goods or services. ISO TC in the standard ISO defines innovation as "a new or changed entity realizing or redistributing value". Others have different definitions; a common element in the definitions is a focus on newness,
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